What does "malign" mean in relation to "vilify"?

The term "malign" means to speak about someone in a critical or harmful way, effectively allowing it to align with the definition of "vilify," which is to criticize someone very harshly, often with the intention of damaging their reputation. In both cases, there is an element of severe disparagement aimed at an individual, suggesting ill-will or malevolence. This understanding connects the two words, as both involve the act of denigrating someone's character or actions.

The other choices present concepts that do not relate to the critical nature of "malign" or "vilify." Supporting, ignoring, or encouraging do not carry the same negative connotation or implication of harm that "malign" and "vilify" convey, which revolve around belittling or damaging someone's reputation.